Cryogenic capsules are small, sealed containers designed to safely store biological materials (sperm, eggs, embryos, tissues) in liquid nitrogen at -196°C. They are typically made from polypropylene or polyethylene with color-coded caps for identification.
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Common types include goblets, straws, and cryovials. Challenges include thermal shock cracking and cross-contamination during handling.
Nevertheless, laser-etched barcodes, externally threaded designs, and aluminum-free packaging improve traceability and safety in IVF labs and biobanks.